Teknik mesin simbol unit satuan SI

IMPORTANT ENGINEERING CONSTANTS AND EXPRESSIONS IN SI UNITS

teknik mesin konversi satuan

STEAM TABLES AND MOLLIER DIAGRAM

TABLE V
Conversion Factors

Force

1 newton = 1 kg-m/sec2
= 0.012 kgf
1 kgf = 9.81 N

Pressure

1 bar = 750.06 mm Hg
= 0.9869 atm
= 105 N/m2
= 103 kg/m-sec2
1 N/m2 = 1 pascal
= 10 – 5 bar
= 10 – 2 kg/m-sec2
1 atm = 760 mm Hg
= 1.03 kgf/cm2 = 1.01325 bar
= 1.01325 × 105 N/m2

Work, Energy or Heat

1 joule = 1 newton metre
= 1 watt-sec
= 2.7778 × 10 – 7 kWh
= 0.239 cal
= 0.239 × 10 – 3 kcal
1 cal = 4.184 joule
= 1.1622 × 10 – 6 kWh
1 kcal = 4.184 × 103 joule
= 427 kgfm
= 1.1622 × 10 – 3 kWh
1 kWh = 8.6 × 105 cal
= 860 kcal
= 3.6 × 106 joule
1 kgfm =
1/427kcal=9.81 joules

 Power

1 watt = 1 joule/sec = 0.86 kcal/h
1 h.p. = 75 mkgf/sec = 0.1757 kcal/sec
= 735.3 watt
1 kW = 1000 watts
= 860 kcal/h

metalurgi dislokasi

Dislokasi adalah Suatu pergeseran atau pergerakan atom-atom didalam sistem kristal logam akibat tegangan mekanik yang dapat menciptakan deformasi plastis.

Dislokasi ada 3 jenis : untuk lebih jelasnya klik link di bawah ini

disini

semoga bermafaat...thanks..!!!

Share metalurgi Dislokasi.pptx - 809 KB

klik link dibawah ini :
Share Dislokasi.pptx - 809 KB

Share Peluang Usaha_Pertemuan 3_PELUANG USAHA.pdf - 2 MB

PELUANG :

•Suatu kesempatan untuk membuat perubahan

PELUANG USAHA :

•Kesempatanyang bersumberdarilingkunganuntukdapatmemberinilaitambahpadasesuatu.

Uuntuk mempelajari lebih lanjut lagi klik link di bawah ini:

Share KEWIRAUSAHAAN_Pertemuan 3_PELUANG USAHA.pdf - 2 MB

Semoga Bermanfaat...!!!

Spesifikasi Ketel Uap Cornish

THERMODYNAMICS MANUAL / B-TECH MECH / LANCASHIRE BOILER

12:05  MechGuru's  1 comment

AIM: - TO STUDY OF LANCASHIRE BOILER

APPARATUS: - A MODEL OF LANCASHIRE BOILER

THEORY: -

A LANCASHIRE BOILER IS A DOUBLE FIRE TUBE BOILER, INTERNALLY FIRED, HORIZONTAL, NATURAL DRAUGHT, AND NATURAL CIRCULATION TYPE OF BOILER. THIS BOILER IS VERY POPULAR AND RELIABLE BECAUSE OF SIMPLICITY OF DESIGN AND EASE OF OPERATION. THE BOILER HAS GOOD STEAMING QUALITY, AND COAL OF INFERIOR QUALITY CAN BE USED. IT HAS LOW MAINTENANCE AND OPERATING COST. THIS BOILER IS WIDELY USED IN SUGAR MILLS AND CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES. THIS BOILER IS USED WHERE LARGE RESERVOIR OF WATER AND STEAM ARE REQUIRED.

ITS MAIN FEATURES AND BRICKWORK SETTING IS SHOWN IN THE FIGURE. SEVERAL RINGS OF STEEL PLATES WE ARE EITHER WELDED OR RIVETED TO MAKE THE CYLINDRICAL SHELL OF SUITABLE DIMENSIONS. THIS BOILER HAS TWO PARALLEL FLUE PIPES THROUGH OUT THE LENGTH OF BOILER. BOTH THE FLUE TUBES, WHICH CARRY HOT GASES, LAY BELOW THE WATER LEVEL. TO ACCOMMODATE A GRATE OF SUFFICIENT AREA AND MINIMUM LENGTH, THESE FLUE TUBES ARE LARGER IN DIAMETER AT THE FRONT OF THE SHELL. TO CONTROL THE GAS FLOW AND TO CONTROL THE AMOUNT OF AIR ENTERING THE GRATE, DAMPERS ARE USED WHICH ARE PLACED IN PATH OF FLUE GASES.

COAL IS FED TO THE GRATES THROUGH FIRE DOORS. EACH OF THE FLUE TUBES HAS ITS OWN FURNACE WITH GRATES WHERE ITS COMBUSTION TAKES PLACE AND THE FLUE GASES RISING FROM THE FURNACES PASS OVER THE FIRE BRIDGE AND TRAVERSE ALONG THE HORIZONTAL PATH. THE HOT GASES LEAVING THE GRATE PASS UP TO THE BACK END OF THE TUBES AND THEN TRAVEL BACK FROM THE BOTTOM FLUE PASSAGE TO THE FRONT OF BOILER, WHERE THE GASES BIFURCATE AND PASS INTO THE TWO SIDE FLUES. THEREAFTER, THE GASES IN THE TWO SIDE FLUES ENTER THE COMMON FLUE AND FINALLY DISCHARGED TO THE ATMOSPHERE THROUGH CHIMNEY.

THE VARIOUS MOUNTINGS ARE:-

SAFETY VALVE: - THE FUNCTION OF SAFETY VALVE IS TO PERMIT THE STEM IN THE BOILER TO ESCAPE TO ATMOSPHERE WHEN PRESSURE IN THE STEAM SPACE EXCEEDS A CERTAIN SPECIFIED LIMIT. IT IS LOCATED ABOVE STEAM SPACE IN THE BOILER.

WATER LEVEL INDICATOR: - THE FUNCTION OF THE WATER LEVEL INDICATOR IS TO ASCERTAIN CONSTANTLY AND EXACTLY THE LEVEL OF WATER IN THE BOILER SHELL.

FUSIBLE PLUG: - ITS FUNCTION IS TO EXTINGUISH THE FIRE IN THE EVENT OF WATER LEVEL IN THE BOILER SHELL FALLING BELOW A CERTAIN SPECIFIED LIMIT.

PRESSURE GAUGE: - ITS FUNCTION IS TO SHOW THE PRESSURE AT WHICH THE STEAM IS BEING GENERATED IN THE BOILER.

BLOW OFF COCK: - THE BLOW OFF COCK SERVES TO DRAIN OUT THE WATER FROM THE BOILER AND TO DISCHARGE MUD SCALE ETC. PERIODICALLY OR TO EMPTY THE BOILER FOR INTERNAL CLEANING AND INSPECTION ETC.

FEED CHECK VALVE: - THE FEED CHECK VALVE ALLOWS THE FEED WATER TO PASS INTO THE BOILER AND TO PREVENT THE BACK FLOW OF WATER FROM THE BOILER IN THE EVENT OF FAILURE OF FEED PUMP.

HIGH STEAM & LOW WATER SAFETY VALVE:-

THE FUNCTION OF HIGH STEAM & LOW WATER SAFETY VALVE IS TWO FOLD: ---

(i) IT BELOW OUT STEAM WHEN THE WATER LEVEL IN THE BOILER IS LOW.

(II) IT BLOWS OUT STEAM IF THE STEAM PRESSURE IS HIGHER THAN THE WORKING PRESSURE.

MAN HOLE: - THESE ARE DOORS TO ALLOW MEN TO ENTER INSIDE BOILER FOR REPAIR OR INSPECTION.

THE ACCESSORIES USED IN THIS BOILER ARE:-

(1) SUPER HEATER: - THE FUNCTION OF SUPER HEATER IS TO SUPERHEAT THE STEAM (USUALLY WET) GENERATED IN THE BOILER BY THE HEAT IN EXHAUST FLUE GASES.

(2) ECONOMIZER: - ECONOMIZER IS USED TO RECOVER SOME OF THE HEAT FROM THE HEAT CARRIED AWAY IN THE FLUE GASES UP THE CHIMNEY & UTILIZED FOR HEATING THE FEED WATER TO THE BOILER.

Share RINTANGAN USAHA_Pertemuan 2.pdf - 732 KB

Share KEWIRAUSAHAAN_Pertemuan 2.pdf - 732 KB

rintangan usaha pdf

https://www.mediafire.com/?vsjw6yr3jjaoj9n

KEWIRAUSAHAAN_Pertemuan 1.pdf - 2 MB

Share KEWIRAUSAHAAN_Pertemuan 1.pdf - 2 MB

KEWIRAUSAHAAN PDF

Bidangusahaatauperusahaanyang dibangunolehseseorangdengankepribadiantertentusebagaialternatifpenyediaanlapangankerja, minimal bagisipemilikmodal itu klik link di bawah in
http://www.mediafire.com/view/z1fp4i25e9hxkbz/KEWIRAUSAHAAN_Pertemuan_1.pdf

MATERIAL TEKNIK

MATERIAL TEKNIK

• Material Sains
• Disiplin ilmu yang memperlajari hubungan antara struktur dan sifat (properties)
• Materials Teknik
• Disiplin ilmu mendesain atau membuat secara teknis struktur material untuk menghasilkan sifat yang diinginkan berdasarkan hubungan sifat dan struktur.
• Ilmu yang mempelajari tentang bahan baku (material) dan cara pengolahannya. Sedikit perubahan parameter pada bahan baku atau dalam pengolahannya  dapat menjadi perubahan besar pada performanya setelah menjadi produk
• Empat komponen utama dari ilmu Material and Material Teknik:
• Struktur Material
• Sifat (properties) Material
• Pengolahan Material
• Performa Material

PENDAHULUAN

Struktur bahan : pengaturan / susunan elemen – elemen di dalam bahan.

Tinjauan struktur bahan dibedakan atas :

- Struktur subatomik : ditinjau dari susunan elektron dengan inti

-          Level atom : ditinjau dari pengaturan atom atau molekul satu sama lain

- Mikroskopik : ditinjau dari kumpulan group – group atom

- Makroskopik : ditinjau dari struktur yang bisa dilihat dengan mata telanjang.

• Mengapa seseorang harus mempelajari material teknik?

Ingat! : Material telah mengontrol  perkembangan masyarakat

Selama berabad-abad kemampuan bertahan hidup manusia ditentukan berdasarkan kuantitas pengetahuan tentang material

• Zaman Batu – 2 juta tahun lalu, manusia mulai mengenal material. Material yang sering digunakan: batu khusus, kulit, kayu, dan lempung

§  Zaman Perunggu – Zaman batu berakhir 5000 tahun lalu dengan ditemukannya perunggu (paduan logam tembaga+0.25 timah+unsur lain) pertama kali digunakan di Timur jauh. Perunggu dapat di tempa atau di cor menjadi berbagai bentuk, dapat dinaikkan tingkat kekerasannya dengan memadukan, terkorosi dengan sangat lambat karena memiliki lapisan tipis oksida

• Zaman Besi – dimulai 300 tahun lalu dan berkembang hingga sekarang. Penggunaan besi memiliki keuntungan antara lain lebih kuat dan biaya lebih murah.

§  Dapur (furnace) dengan temperatur tinggi

§  Zaman Baja

§        Paduan dengan kekuatan tinggi

§  Zaman Non-Ferro dan Polymer

§        Aluminum, Titanium dan Nickel (superalloys) – aerospace

§        Silicon – pada aluminium digunakan untuk meningkatkan fluiditas

§        Plastik dan komposit – hidangan makanan, perumahan (alat-alat rumah tangga), aerospace.

§  Zaman Material Exotic?

§        Nano-Material dan bio-Material – Sudah mulai digunakan dan terus berkembang …